Abrams
D., Boutwell W., Cancer control at the workplace: the working well trial, Prev
Med, 1994; 23: 15 -27.
Adair-Bischoff
C.E., Sauve R.S., Environmental tobacco smoke and middle ear disease in
preschool-age children, Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, 1998; 152: 127 -133.
Agabiti
N., Mallone S., Forastiere F., et al, SIDRIA Collaborative Group, The impact of
parental smoking on asthma and wheezing, Epidemiology, 1999; 10: 692 -698.
Aligne
C.A, Stoddard J.J., Tobacco and children: an economic evaluation of the medical
effects of parental smoking, Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med.1997; 151:648 -653.
American
Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Child Health Financing and Committee on
Substance Abuse, Improving substance abuse prevention, assessment, and
treatment financing for children and adolescents, Pediatrics, 2001; 108: 1025
-1029.
American
Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Environmental Health Environmental tobacco
smoke: a hazard to children, Pediatrics 1997; 99:639.
American
Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Substance Abuse, Tobacco's toll:
implications for the pediatrician, Pediatrics, 2001; 107: 794 -798.
Anderson
H.R., Cook D.G., Passive smoking and sudden infant death syndrome: review of
the epidemiological evidence, Thorax, 1997; 52: 1003 -1009.
Anderson
L.J., Parker R.A., Strikas R.A., et al., Day-care center attendance and
hospitalization for lower respiratory tract illness, Pediatrics, 1988; 82: 300
-308.
Ashley
M.J., Cohen J., Bull S., et al, Knowledge about tobacco and attitudes toward
tobacco control: how different are smokers and nonsmokers?, Can J Public
Health, 2000; 91: 376 -380.
Biehl
M., Halper-Felsher B.L., Adolescents' and adults' understanding of probability
expressions, J. Adolesc Health, 2001; 28: 30 -35.
Bland
M., Bewley, B.R., Pollard V. Banks, M.H., Effect of children's and parents'
smoking on respiratory symptoms, Br J Prev Soc Med., 1973; 27: 150 -153.
Brennan,
Patricia A., Emily R. Grekin, and Sarnoff Mednick, 1999, “Maternal Cigarette
Smoking During Pregnancy and Adult Male Criminal Outcomes,” Archives of General
Psychiatry 56:215-219.
Brook
J.S., Brook D/W/, Whiteman M., The influence of maternal smoking during
pregnancy on the toddler's negativity, Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, 2000; 154: 381
-385.
Brooks
D.R., Mucci L.A., Support for smoke-free restaurants among Massachusetts
adults, 1992-1999, Am J Public Health, 2001; 91: 300 -303.
Bush
P.G., Mayhew, T. M., Abramovich, D., Aggett P. J., Burke, M., Page K.R.,
Maternal cigarette smoking and oxygen diffusion across the placenta, Placenta,
2000; 21: 824 -833.
California
Department of Health Services, California Adult Tobacco Survey, and San Diego,
CA: University of California at San Diego; 1990.
Cameron
P., The presence of pets and smoking as correlates of perceived disease, J
Allergy, 1967; 40: 12 -15.
Carey
I., Health effects of passive smoking 9: parental smoking and spirometric
indices in children, Thorax, 1998; 53: 884 -893.
Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention, Cigarette smoking among adults-US, 1999,
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 2001; 50: 869 -872.
Chen
Y., Li W, Yu S, Influence of passive smoking on admissions for respiratory
illness in early childhood, BMJ, 1986; 293: 303 -306.
Coggins
C.R.E., (RJ Reynolds Tobacco Company) Estimating exposure to environmental
tobacco smoke, JAMA 1996; 276:603.
Cohen
J., Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences, San Francisco, CA:
Academic Press; 1977.
Cohen
J.B., Smokers' knowledge and understanding of advertised tar numbers: health
policy implications, Am J Public Health, 1996; 86: 18 -24.
Cohn
L., Macfarlane, S., Yanez, C., Imai W., Risk-perception: differences between
adolescents and adults, Health Psychol, 1995; 14: 217 -222.
Colley
J.R.T, Holland W.W., Influence of passive smoking and parental phlegm on
pneumonia and bronchitis in childhood, Lancet, 1974; 1031 -1034.
Committee
on Atherosclerosis and Hypertension in Children, American Heart Association
Active and passive tobacco exposure: a serious pediatric health problem,
Circulation, 1994; 90:2581-2590.
Cook
D.G., Strachan D.P., Health effects of passive smoking-10: summary of effects
of parental smoking on the respiratory health of children and implications for
research, Thorax, 1999; 54: 357 -366.
Corbo,
G.M., Fuciarelli F., Foresi A., De Benedetto F., Snoring in children:
association with respiratory symptoms and passive smoking, BMJ, 1989; 299: 1491
-1494.
Cornelius,
Marie D. and Nancy Day, 2000, “The Effects of Tobacco Use During and After
Pregnancy on Exposed Children,” Alcohol Research and Health 24:242-249.
Cotton,
P. 1994, “Smoking Cigarettes May Do Developing Fetus More Harm Than Ingesting
Cocaine, Some Experts Say,” JAMA 271:576-577.
DiFranza
J.R., Lew R.A., Morbidity and mortality in children associated with the use of
tobacco products by other people, Pediatrics, 1996; 97: 560 -568.
Dunn
H.G., McBurney A.K., Ingram S, Hunter C.M., Maternal cigarette smoking during
pregnancy and the child's subsequent development: physical growth to the age of
six and a half years, Can J Public Health, 1976; 76: 499 -505.
Dwyer
T., Ponsonby A.L., Couper D., Tobacco smoke exposure at one month of age and
subsequent risk of SIDS-a prospective study, Am J Epidemiol, 1999; 149: 593
-602.
Eiser
J.R., Harding C.M., Smoking, seat-belt use and perception of health risks,
Addict Behav, 1983; 8: 466 -474.
Emmons
K.M., Thompson B., Feng Z., Hebert J.R., Heimendinger J., Linnan L., Dietary
intake and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in a worksite population,
Eur J Clin Nutr 1995; 49:336-345.
Etter
J.F., Kozlowski L.T., Perneger T.V., What smokers believe about light and
ultralight cigarettes, Prev Med, 2003; 36: 92 -98.
Etzel
R.A., Balk S., eds, Handbook of Pediatric Environmental Health, Elk Grove
Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; 1999.
Evans
D., Levison M, Feldman C., et al, The impact of passive smoking on emergency
room visits of urban children with asthma, Am Rev Respir Dis, 1987; 135: 567
-572.
Farkas
A. J., Distefan J. M., Choi W. S., Gilpin E.A., Pierce J. P., Does parental
smoking cessation discourage adolescent smoking?, Prev Med, 1999; 28: 213 -218.
Fischoff
B., Bostrom A., Quadrel M.J., Risk perception and communication, Annu Rev
Public Health, 1993; 14: 183 -203.
Fried
P.A., Watkinson B. 36- and 48-month neurobehavioral follow-up of children
prenatally exposed to marijuana, cigarettes, and alcohol, Dev Behav Pediatr,
1990; 11: 49 -58.
Gibson,
Chris L., Alex R. Piquero, and Stephen G. Tibbetts, 2000, “Assessing the
Relationship between Maternal Cigarette Smoking During Pregnancy and Age at
First Police Contact,” Justice Quarterly 17:519-541.
Gilpin
E.A., Choi W. S., Berry C., Pierce J. P., How many adolescents start smoking
each day in the United States? J Adolesc Health, 1999; 25: 248 -255.
Groman
E., Blauensteiner D., Kunze U., Schoberberger R., Carbon monoxide in the
expired air of smokers that smoke so-called “light” brands of cigarettes, Tob
Control, 2000; 9: 352.
Halpern-Felsher
BL, Biehl M., Kropp R.Y., Rubinstein M.L., Perceived risks and benefits of
smoking: differences among adolescents with different smoking experiences and
intentions.
Hansen
W.B., Malotte C.K., Perceived personal immunity: the development of beliefs
about susceptibility to the consequences of smoking, Prev Med, 1986; 15: 363
-372.
Hardy
J.B., Mellits E.D., Does maternal smoking during pregnancy have a long-term
effect on the child, Lancet, 1972; 2: 1332 -1336.
Harlap
S., Davies A.M., Infant admissions to hospital and maternal smoking,
Lancet,1974; 529 -532.
Hinton
A.E., Herdman R.C.D., Martin-Hirsch D., Saeed S.R., Parental cigarette smoking
and tonsillectomy in children, Clin Otolaryngol, 1993; 18: 178 -180.
Hughes
J.R., Do “light” cigarettes undermine cessation?, Tob Control, 2001; 10 (supply
1): i41 -i42.
Hyland
A., Hughes J.R., Farrelly M., Cummings K.M., Switching to lower tar cigarettes
does not increase or decrease the likelihood of future quit attempts or
cessation, Nicotine Tob Res, 2003; 5: 665 -671.
Jedrychowski
W., Flak E. Maternal smoking during pregnancy and postnatal exposure to
environmental tobacco smoke as predisposition factors to acute respiratory
infections, Environ Health Perspect, 1997; 105: 302 -306.
Jinot
J., Bayard S., Respiratory health effects of exposure to environmental tobacco
smoke, Rev Environ Health, 1996; 11: 89 -100.
Johnson
J.G., Cohen P., Pine D.S., Klein D.F., Kasen S., Brook J.S., Association
between cigarette smoking and anxiety disorders during adolescence and early
adulthood, JAMA, 2000; 284: 2348 -2351.
Kessler
D.A., Natanblut S.L., Wilkenfeld J.P., et. al, Nicotine addiction: a pediatric
disease, J Pediatr, 1997; 130: 518 -524.
Kiser
D., Boschert T., Eliminating smoking in bars, restaurants, and gaming clubs in
California: BREATH, the California Smoke-Free Bar Program, J Public Health
Policy, 2001; 22: 81 -87.
Kleinman
J.C., Madans J.H., The effects of maternal smoking, physical stature, and
educational-attainment on the incidence of low birth-weight, Am J Epidemiol,
1985; 121: 843 -855.
Kozlowski
L.T., Goldberg M.E., Sweeney C.T., et al, Smoker reactions to a “radio message”
that light cigarettes are as dangerous as regular cigarettes, Nicotine Tob Res,
1999; 1: 67 -76.
Kozlowski
L.T., Goldberg M.E., Yost B.A., White E.L., Sweeney C.T., Pillitter J. L.,
Smokers' misperceptions of light and ultra-light cigarettes may keep them
smoking, Am J Prev Med, 1998; 15: 9 -16.
Kozlowski
L.T., Yost BA, Stine M.M., Celebucki C., Massachusetts' advertising against
light cigarettes appears to change beliefs and behavior, Am J Prev Med, 2000;
18: 339 -342.
Leson
S., Gershwin M.E., Risk factors for asthmatic patients requiring intubation, I,
Observations in children, J Asthma, 1995; 32: 285 -294.
Leventhal
H., Glynn K., Fleming R., Is the smoking decision an “informed choice”? Effect
of smoking risk factors on smoking beliefs, JAMA, 1987; 257: 3373 -3376.
Li
J.S.M., Peat J.K., Xuan W., Berry G. Meta-analysis on the association between
environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure and the prevalence of lower
respiratory tract infection in early childhood, Pediatr Pulmonol, 1999; 27: 5
-13.
MacArthur
C., Knox E.G., Smoking in pregnancy: effects of stopping at different stages,
Br J Obstet Gynaecol, 1988; 95: 551 -555.
Macdonald
H.R., Glantz S.A., Political realities of statewide smoking legislation: the
passage of California's Assembly Bill 13, Tob Control, 1997; 6: 41 -54.
MacMahon
B., Alpert M., Salber E.J., Infant weight and parental smoking habits, Am J
Epidemiol, 1965; 82: 247 -261.
Malloy
M.H., Kleinman J.C., Land G.H., Schramm W.F., The association of maternal
smoking with age and cause of infant death, Am J Epidemiol, 1988; 128: 46 -55.
Marcus
S. E., Emont S.L., Corcoran R.D., et al, Public attitudes about cigarette
smoking: results from the 1990 Smoking Activity Volunteer Executed Survey,
Public Health Rep,1994; 109: 125 -134.
Martinez
F., Cline M., Burrows B., Increased incidence of asthma in children of smoking
mothers, Pediatrics, 1992; 89: 21 -26.
Meyer
M.B., Comstock G.W., Maternal cigarette smoking and perinatal mortality, Am J
Epidemiol, 1972; 96: 1 -10.
Moyer
D., The Tobacco Almanac: A Reference Book of Facts, Figures, and Quotations
About Tobacco, Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office; 1998.
Myrianthopoulos,
Ntinos C. and K. S. French, 1968, “An Application of the U.S. Bureau of the
Census Socioeconomic Index to a Large, Diversified Patient Population,” Social
Science Medicine 2:283-299.
National
Cancer Institute, Health Effects of Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke:
The Report of the California Environmental Protection Agency, Bethesda, MD:
National Cancer Institute, US Department of Health and Human Services; 1999.
National
Cancer Institute, Risks Associated With Smoking Cigarettes With Low
Machine-Measured Yields of Tar and Nicotine,
National
Cancer Institute, The FTC Cigarette Test Method for Determining Tar, Nicotine,
and Carbon Monoxide Yields of US Cigarettes: Report of the NCI Expert
Committee, Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health; 1996, National
Institutes of Health Publication 96-4028.
National
Cancer Institute, Tobacco Use Supplement-Current Population Survey, Bethesda,
MD: National Institutes of Health; 1992.
National
Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Behavioral Risk
Factor Surveillance System, Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention; 1984.
National
Research Council, Environmental Tobacco Smoke: Measuring Exposure and Assessing
Health Effects, Washington, DC: National Academy Press, Committee on Passive
Smoking, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology; 1986.
Oygard
L., Klepp K.I., Tell G.S., Vellar O.D., Parental and peer influences on smoking
among young adults: ten-year follow-up of the Oslo youth study participants,
Addiction, 1995; 90: 561 -569.
Patton
G.C., Carlin J.B., Coffey C, Wolfe R., Hibbert M., Bowes G., The course of
early smoking: a population-based cohort study over three years, Addiction,
1998; 93: 1251 -1260.
Pierce
J.P., Gilpin E.A., Emery S.L., et al, Has the California tobacco control
program reduced smoking? JAMA, 1998; 280: 893 -899.
Pirkle
J.L., Flegal K.M., Bernert J.T., Brody D. J., Etzel R.A., Mauer K.R., Exposure
of the US population to environmental tobacco smoke, NHANES III, 1988-1991,
JAMA, 1996; 275:1233-1240.
Pirkle
J.L., Flegal K.M., Bernert J.T., Brody D.J., Etzel R.A., Maurer K.R., Exposure
of the US population to environmental tobacco smoke: the Third National Health
and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988 to 1991, JAMA, 1996; 275: 1233 -1240.
Pratt,
Travis C., Francis T. Cullen, Kristie R. Blevins, Leah Daigle, and James D.
Unnever, 2002, “The Relationship of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder to
Crime and Delinquency: A Meta-Analysis,” International Journal of Police
Science and Management 4:344-360.
Pullan
C.R., Hey E.N., Wheezing, asthma, and pulmonary dysfunction 10 years after
infection with respiratory syncytial virus in infancy, BMJ, 1982; 284: 1665
-1669.
Ramsay
M.C., Reynolds C.R., Does smoking by pregnant women influence IQ, birth weight,
and developmental disabilities in their infants? A methodological review and
multivariate analysis, Neuropsychol Rev, 2000; 10: 1.
Rasanen,
Pirkko, Helina Hakko, Matti Isohanni, Sheilagh Hodgins, Marjo-Ritta Jarvelin,
and Jari Tihonen, 1999, “Maternal Smoking during Pregnancy and Risk of Criminal
Behavior among Adult Male Offspring in a Northern Finland 1966 Cohort,”
American Journal of Psychiatry 156:857-862.
Repace
J. L., Lowrey A. H., Issues and answers concerning passive smoking in the
workplace: rebutting tobacco industry arguments, Tobacco Control 1992;
1:208-219.
Sadowski,
Kelly and Thomas G. Parish, 2005, “Maternal Smoking Contributes to the
Development of Childhood ADHD,” Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and
Practice 3(1).
Schuster
M., Franke T., Pham C., Smoking patterns of household members and visitors in
homes with children in the United States, Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med.2002; 156:
1094 -1100.
Shiffman
S., Burton S.L., Pillitteri J.L., et al., Test of “light” cigarette
counter-advertising using a standard test of advertising effectiveness, Tob
Control, 2001; 10 (suppl 1): i33 -i40.
Shiffman
S., Pillitteri J.L., Burton S.L., Rohay J.M., Gitchell J.G., Smokers' beliefs
about “light” and “ultra light” cigarettes, Tob Control, 2001; 10 (suppl 1):
i17 -i23.
Shiffman
S., Pillitteri J.L., Surton S.L., Rohay J.M., Gitchell J.G., Effect of health
messages about “light” and “ultra light” cigarettes on beliefs and quitting
intent, Tob Control, 2001; 10 (suppl 1): i24 -i32.
Simpson
W. J., A preliminary report on cigarette smoking and the incidence of
prematurity, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 1957; 73: 808 -815.
Slotkin
T. A., Cho H., Whitmore W.L., Effects of prenatal nicotine exposure on neuronal
development: selective actions on central and peripheral catecholaminergic
pathways, Brain Res Bull, 1987; 18: 601 -611.
Slotkin
T.A., Orband-Miller L, Queen K.L., Development of [H3] nicotine binding sites
in brain regions of rats exposed to nicotine prenatally via maternal injections
or infusions, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 1987; 242: 232 -237.
Slovic
P., ed., Smoking: Risk, Perception, and Policy, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Press;
2001.
Stathis
S.L., O'Callaghan M., Williams G.M., Najman J.M., Andersen M.J., Bor W.,
Maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy is an independent predictor for
symptoms of middle ear disease at five years' postdelivery, Pediatrics, 1999;
104: 1 -6.
Strachan
D.P., Carey I.M., Home environment and severe asthma in adolescence: a
population based control study, BMJ, 1995; 311: 1053 -1056.
Straub
D.M., Hills N.K., Thompson P.J., Moscicki A.B., Effects of pro- and
anti-tobacco advertising on nonsmoking adolescents' intentions to smoke, J
Adolesc Health, 2003; 32: 36 -43.
Tabachnick,
Barbara G. and Linda S. Fidell, 2001, Using Multivariate Statistics, 4th Ed,
Boston: Allyn & Bacon, The great American smokeout, MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly
Rep, 1997; 46:1037-1051.
Thompson
B., Emmons K., Abrams D., Ockene J.K., Feng Z., ETS exposure in the workplace,
Perceptions and reactions by employees in 114 work sites, Working Well Research
Group, J Occup Environ Med, 1995; 37: 1086 -1092.
Thun
M.J., Burns D.M., Health impact of “reduced yield” cigarettes: a critical
assessment of the epidemiological evidence, Tob Control. 2001; 10(supply 1): i4
-i11.
Trends
in cigarette smoking among high school students-United States, 1991-2001, MMWR
Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 2002; 51: 409 -412.
Urberg
K., Robbins R.L., Adolescents' perceptions of the costs and benefits associated
with cigarette smoking: sex differences and peer influence, J Youth Adolesc,
1981; 10: 353 -361.
Urberg
K., Robbins R.L., Perceived vulnerability in adolescents to the health
consequences of cigarette smoking, Prev Med, 1984; 13: 367 -376.
US
Department of Health and Human Services, The Health Consequences of Involuntary
Smoking: A Report of the Surgeon General, Washington, DC: US DHHS, Public Health
Service, Centers for Disease Control; 1986 (DHHS Publication No, [CDC]
87-8398).
US
Environmental Protection Agency, Respiratory Health Effects of Passive Smoking:
Lung Cancer and Other Disorders, Washington, DC. US EPA Office of Research and
Development; 1992.
Virgili
M., Owen N., Severson H.H., Adolescents' smoking behavior and risk perceptions,
J Subst Abuse, 1991; 3: 315 -324.
Wakefield
M., Flay B., Nichter M., Giovino G., Role of the media in influencing
trajectories of youth smoking, Addiction, 2003; 98(suppl 1): 79 -103.
Wakschlag,
Lauren S., Kate E. Pickett, Edwin Cook, Neal L. Benowitz, and Bennett
Leventhal, 2002, “Maternal Smoking during Pregnancy and Severe Antisocial
Behavior on Offspring: A Review,” American Journal of Public Health 92:966-974.
Wasserman
J., Manning W.G., Newhouse J.P., Winkler J.D., The effects of excise taxes and
regulations on cigarette smoking, J Health Econ, 1991; 10: 43 -64.
Weitzman
M., Byrd R., Aligne A., Moss M., The effects of tobacco exposure on children's behavioral
and cognitive functioning: implications for clinical and public health policy
and future research, Neurotoxicol Teratol, 2001; 24: 397-406.
Weitzman
M., Gortmaker S., Walker D.K., Sobol A., Maternal smoking and childhood asthma,
Pediatrics, 1990; 85: 505 -511.
Willatt
D.J., Children's sore throats related to parental smoking, Clin Otolaryngol,
1996; 11: 317 -321.
World
Health Organization, Tobacco Free Initiative: International Consultation on
Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) and Child Health, Action on Smoking and
Health; 1999.
Xu
X, Li B., Exposure-response relationship between passive smoking and adult
pulmonary function, Am J Respir Crit Care Med.1995; 151: 41 -46.
AuntMinnieTV
AuntMinnie.com
5 min 53 sec - Dec 15, 2004
tv.auntminnie.com
Computed tomography screening can detect lung cancer
at an early stage, and may even be able to predict
the cancer risk among current and former smokers,
according to data from the International
Early Lung Cancer Action Program (I-ELCAP).
This AuntMinnieTV segment describes how
I-ELCAP researchers are using CT screening
o hone in on cancer detection in at-risk populations.
References and Resources & Video